OpenStack Cloud Computing Cookbook

The examples in the OpenStack Cloud Computing Cookbook assumes you have a suitable database backend configured to run the OpenStack services. This didn’t fit with any single chapter or service as they all rely on something like MariaDB or MySQL. If you don’t have this installed, follow these steps which you should be able to copy and paste to run in your environment.

Getting ready

We will be performing an installation and configuration of MariaDB on the Controller node that is shown in the diagram. MariaDB and MySQL are interchangeable in terms of providing the necessary MySQL database connections required for OpenStack. More information can be found at the MariaDB website. In the examples through the book, the IP address of the Controller that this will be on, and will be used by the services in the book, will be 172.16.0.200.

OpenStack Cloud Computing Cookbook Lab Environment

How to do it…

To install MariaDB, carry out the following steps as root

Tip: A script is provided here for you to run the commands below

1. We first set some variables that will be used in the subsequent steps. This allows you to edit to suit your own environment.

   export MYSQL_HOST=172.16.0.200
   export MYSQL_ROOT_PASS=openstack
   export MYSQL_DB_PASS=openstack

2. We then set some defaults in debconf to avoid any interactive prompts

   echo "mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server/root_password password $MYSQL_ROOT_PASS" | sudo debconf-set-selections
   echo "mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server/root_password_again password $MYSQL_ROOT_PASS" | sudo debconf-set-selections
   echo "mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server/root_password seen true" | sudo debconf-set-selections
   echo "mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server/root_password_again seen true" | sudo debconf-set-selections

3. We then install the required packages with the following command

   sudo apt-get -y install mariadb-server python-mysqldb

4. We now tell MariaDB to listen on all interfaces as well as set a max connection limit. Note, edit to suit the security and requirements in your environment.

   sudo sed -i "s/^bind\-address.*/bind-address = 0.0.0.0/g" /etc/mysql/my.cnf
   sudo sed -i "s/^#max_connections.*/max_connections = 512/g" /etc/mysql/my.cnf

5. To speed up MariaDB as well as help with permissions, add the following line to /etc/mysql/conf.d/skip-name-resolve.cnf

   echo "[mysqld]
   skip-name-resolve" > /etc/mysql/conf.d/skip-name-resolve.cnf

6. We configure UTF-8 with the following

   echo "[mysqld]
   collation-server = utf8_general_ci
   init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
   character-set-server = utf8" > /etc/mysql/conf.d/01-utf8.cnf

7. We pick up the changes made by restarting MariaDB with the following command

   sudo service mysql restart

8. We now ensure the root user has the correct permissions to allow us to create further databases and users

   mysql -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS} -h localhost -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* to root@\"localhost\" IDENTIFIED BY \"${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS}\" WITH GRANT OPTION;"
   mysql -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS} -h localhost -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* to root@\"${MYSQL_HOST}\" IDENTIFIED BY \"${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS}\" WITH GRANT OPTION;"
   mysql -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS} -h localhost -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* to root@\"%\" IDENTIFIED BY \"${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS}\" WITH GRANT OPTION;"

9. We run the following command to pick up the permission changes

   mysqladmin -uroot -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASS} flush-privileges

How it works…

What we have done here is install and configure MariaDB on our Controller node that is hosted with address 172.16.0.200. When we configure our OpenStack services that required a database connection, they will use the address format mysql://user:password@172.16.0.200/service.

See Also

The 3rd Edition of the OpenStack Cloud Computing Cookbook covers installation of highly available MariaDB with Galera